Return on Equity, %

SAS Output Economydoctor. FADN Advanced Results (luke.fi/economydoctor). EconomyDoctor Profitability calculation. Background data: FADN Public Database (SO). https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/. September 1, 2025
= Return on Equity 2023p 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004
= Return on Equity EU27-2020 1.3 4.8 2.8 1.3 1.7 1.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
EU-28 .. .. .. 1.1 1.4 0.9 0.2 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 -1.5 -0.1 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.3
Austria -0.0 2.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 -1.8 -2.0 -2.7 -2.2 -0.1 1.0 2.4 0.5 0.1 2.5 3.0 1.5 1.0 1.5
Belgium 7.4 8.1 2.6 2.3 3.9 3.3 3.1 2.8 1.0 1.7 3.0 5.2 2.5 6.1 0.4 1.0 4.8 4.4 2.9 3.0
Bulgaria 1.6 21.8 20.7 10.3 9.2 12.1 11.1 4.4 6.7 7.6 6.8 5.2 5.3 5.3 3.7 6.8 7.1 .. .. ..
Cyprus 11.6 5.3 3.7 4.6 3.3 2.0 0.5 -3.4 -1.7 -0.7 0.8 0.2 2.2 1.6 0.1 0.7 -0.8 0.2 -0.8 -2.1
Czechia 1.5 6.8 4.0 4.3 3.3 4.3 3.7 3.3 4.1 8.8 4.6 4.6 5.0 1.2 -0.5 2.2 4.4 2.1 1.4 3.3
Germany 1.1 4.0 0.8 -1.0 0.5 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -0.5 2.8 2.8 1.3 1.2 -0.9 -0.2 2.4 0.7 0.3 0.3
Denmark 1.5 10.3 3.7 4.2 2.8 -2.5 1.0 -2.7 -2.0 -1.1 2.2 2.3 -0.6 -2.4 -6.2 -8.3 -4.0 -2.2 -3.3 -5.7
Estonia -5.6 11.8 4.6 3.5 3.9 -1.9 4.0 -6.8 -2.2 -3.2 2.8 9.3 8.0 6.2 0.1 4.6 10.6 3.2 8.1 10.3
Greece 4.3 5.6 4.5 4.1 2.9 3.2 4.3 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.7 4.0 4.7 3.9 5.2 6.8 6.3 6.6 6.1
Spain 5.1 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.5 5.9 5.4 5.4 4.7 2.0 2.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 1.5 3.3 4.9 4.6 3.7 6.0
Finland -3.6 2.5 -0.2 -1.3 -2.2 -2.3 -3.1 -5.1 -3.5 -3.3 -3.4 -2.1 -2.6 -2.1 -5.4 -4.1 -1.2 -4.3 -3.3 -3.4
France 3.2 13.6 8.9 2.6 4.7 4.3 2.8 -1.5 2.0 0.9 0.2 6.6 6.8 5.7 -5.1 2.4 6.7 2.9 1.1 1.6
Croatia 0.4 4.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.6 -0.7 -1.1 -1.6 -0.6 -1.5 -4.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Hungary 5.5 12.5 11.9 10.7 9.4 9.7 9.2 9.1 8.0 10.6 8.6 9.8 12.2 6.7 1.5 8.9 7.0 2.9 0.6 2.0
Ireland -0.8 1.9 0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3
Italy 4.1 3.9 4.1 3.3 2.9 3.7 3.4 3.8 3.3 3.3 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.3 1.6 1.0 2.4 0.9 1.1 0.6
Lithuania -8.4 10.7 2.8 4.9 -0.0 -2.5 1.9 -1.8 2.6 -0.3 4.0 8.6 8.3 8.0 6.4 8.7 13.0 5.7 4.9 6.8
Luxembourg 1.9 5.4 1.5 2.5 2.6 2.4 1.9 -0.0 2.0 1.1 0.8 0.4 1.8 -0.8 -1.0 1.4 2.7 1.6 1.7 1.7
Latvia -6.3 7.0 0.9 4.6 3.5 -2.0 4.2 2.5 3.4 -0.6 -0.2 5.3 5.4 3.6 -1.0 3.9 12.2 11.1 8.8 8.8
Malta .. .. -2.3 -1.5 -1.1 -1.2 -2.9 -2.6 -1.2 -1.5 -1.3 -2.9 -4.4 -3.3 -4.0 -0.7 0.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.1
Netherlands 3.1 4.1 2.3 1.1 2.4 1.4 2.5 1.2 0.8 0.2 1.2 1.2 -0.8 0.6 -2.3 -1.9 0.0 0.1 -0.5 -1.7
Poland -1.9 4.5 1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1 -0.9 -1.4 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 1.1 1.2 0.4 -1.3 -1.5 3.9 2.3 1.2 3.5
Portugal 10.7 10.9 7.6 3.4 6.4 6.6 6.8 5.2 6.3 3.8 3.0 3.3 1.8 2.5 1.3 1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.9 -2.6
Romania 3.9 11.4 12.3 5.7 8.7 9.0 1.7 -1.5 -3.4 1.7 2.8 2.0 0.2 0.0 -1.7 3.9 -9.2 .. .. ..
Sweden -2.9 1.8 -1.6 -2.9 -2.8 -4.9 -3.5 -4.3 -4.9 -6.2 -5.9 -5.3 -5.0 -5.5 -8.2 -4.6 -5.2 -8.8 -8.0 -13.5
Slovenia -1.1 1.6 -1.7 -1.7 -1.9 -1.6 -2.0 -2.3 -2.4 -2.6 -2.7 -2.7 -0.9 -3.2 -3.1 -2.2 -2.0 -4.6 -3.0 -2.0
Slovakia 5.2 8.3 6.9 5.2 0.1 1.3 -1.6 10.8 2.2 2.4 -1.8 -2.5 0.8 -4.9 -14.8 -1.3 -0.1 -10.0 -1.2 -0.7
United Kingdom .. .. .. 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.6 0.9 2.2 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.9